Types

1. Stream Sockets (SOCK_STREAM):

   • Stream sockets provide a connection-oriented, reliable, two-way communication channel between processes.

   • This type of socket is typically used with the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) for reliable data transmission.

   • Communication occurs in a continuous stream of bytes, preserving message boundaries.

2. Datagram Sockets (SOCK_DGRAM):

   • Datagram sockets provide connectionless, unreliable communication between processes.

   • They are commonly used with the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), where messages are sent in discrete packets called datagrams.

   • Datagram sockets do not guarantee the delivery or ordering of messages, making them suitable for applications where low overhead and speed are prioritized over reliability.

3. Raw Sockets (SOCK_RAW):

   • Raw sockets allow applications to directly access lower-level network protocols, such as IP, ICMP, or ICMPv6.

   • They provide full control over the packet headers, allowing applications to implement custom protocols or perform low-level network tasks.

   • Raw sockets are typically used for network diagnostic tools, protocol development, or network sniffing applications.

4. Sequential Packet Sockets (SOCK_SEQPACKET):

   • Sequential packet sockets provide a connection-oriented, reliable communication channel similar to stream sockets.

   • However, they preserve message boundaries like datagram sockets, ensuring that the data sent by one peer will be received as a whole message by the other peer.

   • Sequential packet sockets are not as commonly used as stream or datagram sockets but can be useful in certain scenarios where message boundaries are critical.